Process of treating milk



C. G. HAUSER'ETAL PROCESS oF TREATING MILK Nov. 3o, 1943.

Filed July 25, 1938 l Ji. L .lili/far' m we?! e,

Patented Nov. 30, 1943 UNITED STATES. PATENT .OFFICE PROCESS oF TnEATmG'MmK Charles G. Hauser, Henry Otto Bierbaum, and Harry J. Miller, Litchiield, lll., asslgnors to Carolene Products Company, Litchfield, Ill., a corporation of Michigan Application my 35,1938, sei-iai No. 221,090

s claims. (ci. ca -s3) Our invention relates to milk food products and especially to processes of manufacturing the same. t, ,v l y An object being ln our invention to provide a method ofpreparing a milk food product which will be fully equal if not superior in food value to whole or evaporated milk and to provide such a method as will make it wholly practical and economical to prepare a canned milk product possessing a uniform denite quantity of ingrel Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the several dients with the result that such milk food values parts of our equipment. are thus obtainable .in the product of our` proc- FigfZ is a side elevation of the equipment ess at all seasons of the year, with a wholesome shown in Fig. 1. y quality in each ingredient and with the product Referring now in detail to the salient features of this process possessing a, pleasanttaste. of our method of preparing milk food products, It is a well known fact that although a good we prefer to proceed as follows: quality of whole or evaporated milk, possessing We start off with the features of our process the needed quantities of the Various food values by placing a desired quantity of skimmed milk therein, is always a desirable food for people into a hot well I and add to this'. selected quanof all ages; yet because of a wide range of food tity of skimmedmilk a suilicient amount of nonqualities and protection for milk cows in var- Vitamin bearing vegetable oil to DIOVide a Wellious localities and also because of the difference balanced milk food product, in every respect but in the various breeds of milk cows, the wh01e certain essential vitamins that were removed milk that is commonly purchased on the market from the Original Whole milk When the butter will be found to vary considerably at, different fat was extracted therefrom. These essential seasons of the year and under these varying Vitamins Will be added later in 0111 process. conditions, To this combination of skimmed milk and vege- It is therefore true that available whole milk table Oil, We apply heat to raise its temperature is not uniform in its food value, in that the t0 approximately 210 and t0 agitate the mixvitemin content varies, depending upon the feed ture by releasing steam mto the same. the cow gets, A vigorous agitation of this mixture in a tem- In Connection with our process of manufacperature of this degree will result in an emulturing mi1k food products, we and it desirable Sion 0f these ingrediente to separate a major portion of the butter fat in AS another essential Step m 0111 PYOCBSS We the whole milk, leaving skimmed miik, and this Pro1/1de a "2101111111 tank 2 Communicatively C011- hutter fat is utilized for making butter which is nected With 1101 Well by a Pipe 3 having a Shutavailable to the public as food in that form, but Off Valve 4 and 1t 1S 1 n thlS Vacllumlank that we utiiize this skimmed milk to start with in We add t0 the @11111151011 511011 Vltammss are the preparation of a milk food product resulting` ne'ded to replace the emulsion the 15m11.111s from this process anda product which is a sub- 40 Ifly have been removed when extractmg iga compamon apphcauon for patent pro" This vacuum tank is very essential to thesuc- In the production of this product, of our novel ceasflflppration of our procesl'l. t method of preparing the same, we are able to for ogeerilirgmilewmleses irlls 3033; agg provide the very best quality in every food ingredient that we utilize in preparing this milk ellakvlug giagmgllg fefggl; food and the result 1s that we turn out. a wholewith Steam Coils to a temperature of approxi some, healthful milk food product which has a mately 130 F l pleasant taste' 50 Valve 4 is then opened and the vacuum in tank WOHOW our process by tlhzmg a novel com' 2 forcefully and violently draws the emulsion 5 bination of mechanical means which is also the out of hot Wen over into vacuum tank 2 and subject of a companion application for patent as this is done the emulsion enters tank 2 with application. f a forceful blast which very violently agitates the We attain the objects of our process by the methods of procedure described in this specification and recited in the claims.

ing illustrates in a general way the novel combination of mechanical equipment which we uti-V tize in accomplishing our process. In the drawing: f

entire volume of emulsion, not only as it enters.

but after-it vis transferred thereto.. as this emul-l assumo' leaves the vacuum tank and before it enters the homogenizer, we then found it impossible to eliminate unpleasant odors and an unpleasant a sufficient quantity-of vitamin A and D concentrate from its graduated container 6 from which thisfconcentrate is drawn into the vacuum tank through tubes 1 and return pipe 8 by the force of the vacuuml in thetank thus communicatively connected with container 6 through tube 1 and pipe 8.- v

After a desired quantity of the emulsion has been successfully agitated and mixed with the vitamin A and D concentrate within the vacuum tank 2, driving off the desired amount of water together with any undesirable flavors and odors commonly found in high potency vitamins A and D without any loss of the vitamins, we then start pumping -this completed mixture of skimmed milk, highly refined coconut oil and vitamins A and D over into a'homogenizer 9; and as we do so after opening up valve I0, this emulsion passes through pump I I up through pipe I2 and a major portion of its passes through valve I3 and pipe I4 over into the homogenizer 9.

At point I5, however, a portion of this emulsion that is being pumped is permitted to. return through valve I6 and pipe 8 to the vacuum tank taste, which are commonly found in high potency vitamin A and D concentrates.

We therefore decided that by entering vitamin A and D concentrate'into the agitating emulsion within the vacuum tank, wenot only successfully mix these vitamins with .the emulsion, thor-v oughly, while the agitation inthe vacuum tank and unpleasant tastes which are commonlyv l' known to'exist in high potency vitamin con- 2 in order thus to furnish a carrier for the vitaf min A and D concentrate coming from lthe graduated container 6.

Itwill be noted that at point I5 in pipe I2,

we connect a cup I'I therewith through a communicative pipe ,I8 having a'shut-oif valvev I9; and this cup is provided as a means of testing the densityof the emulsion as it is being pumped over into the homogenizer 9. /f In connection with ourprocess, we provide the homogenizer 9 for the purpose of more completely mixing and further breaking up the -ingredients in the emulsion.

This/'homogenizer has a pump 20 and a series of relatively small passages 2 I through' which the emulsion which is pumped to it through pipes I2 and I 4` is vforcefully pumped at relatively high pressure by pump v2li.

This operation of running the emulsion through homogenizer 9 very successfully breaks up any ne particles of the emulsion and thoroughlyl completes a mixture of any food ingredients therein' so that such ne particles are thoroughly homogenized to the extent that they are held in permanent inseparable suspension.

1 After thus completing the process of emulsifying the wholesome" food ingredients in our milk product, we then prefer-to cool the product by running the emulsion over a series of cooling coils after which our food product; resulting from our novel process is canned, sealed, sterilized, labeled and packed for shipment o'r storage.

It will be observed that in our process of manufacturing this new milk food product that when We enter the vitamin A and D concentrate into the .agi'tatingemulsion in the vacuum tank we are solving a problem which it was not possible to'solve in any other way that we have tried.

For instance, when we tried entering the vitamin A and D concentrate to the open hot wells, we found the result to be too great a loss of the vitamins; on the other hand, when we tried entering the'vitamins-intol the emulsion after -it centrates.

To those who are familiar with the business of preparing milk food products for the market,` it will be understood that thepurpose of our adding vitamins A and D to the emulsion is to supply, at least, the quantity of vitamin content v lvitamin content; whereas the vitamin content in whole and evaporated milk is uncertain and not dependable, since the vitamin found in whole milk depends upon the season of the year and upon the feed the cowgets.

Having thus described the nature of our process of preparing milk food products, what we claim is:

1. A process of manufacturing lled milk of high'V vitamin content 'comprising agitating a liquid containing skimmed milk and vegetable oil at a temperature of about 210 F., and then agitating the mixture under vacuum at a temperature of about F. to create bubbles within I the mix and to withdraw vapor from the mixand during this agitation introducing vitamin A and D concentrate for distribution throughout the oleaginous particles, then homogenizing the mixture to divide the emulsifled particles and to stabilize the emulsion.

3. A process of manufacturing filled milk of high vitamin content comprising agitating a `liquid containing vegetable oil andskimrned milk with steam to a temperature of approximately 210 F. to effect preliminary distribution and then applying vacuum to the mixture to eifectviolent agitation and removal of vapor from the mix, this vacuum treatment being effected at about 130 F., and during this vacuum agitation intror ducing concentrate of vitamin A and D for distribution in the oil particles at about 130 F.

4. A process of manufacturing filled milk of high vitamin content comprising agitatlng a liquid containing vegetable oil and skimmed milk with steam to a temperature of approximately 210 F. to effect preliminary distribution and then releasing the mixture into a vacuum to effect violent agitation and removal of vapor from the mix, this vacuum treatment being eiected at about 130 F. and during this vacuum agitation introducing concentrate of vitamin A and D for distribution in the oil particles at about 130 F. and withdrawing the agitated liquid for. hornogenization, recirculating a portion oi.' the withdrawn liquid and adding concentrate of vitamin A and D to the recirculating portion of the emulsion. 

